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960 terms · page 39 of 40
Transition State
The highest-energy configuration along the reaction coordinate, at which bonds are partly broken and partly formed.
Chemical Kinetics & CatalysisTransition State Theory
The theory that treats the activated complex as being in quasi-equilibrium with reactants and calculates rate from its decomposition…
Nuclear & RadiochemistryTransmutation
The conversion of one element into another through a change in the number of protons in the nucleus.
Electrochemistry & RedoxTransport Number
The fraction of the total current carried by a particular ion in an electrolyte solution.
Nuclear & RadiochemistryTransuranium Elements
The synthetic elements with atomic numbers greater than 92, beyond uranium in the periodic table.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryTriglyceride
An ester formed from glycerol and three fatty acid molecules, the main constituent of fats and oils.
Chemical Bonding & Molecular StructureTrigonal Bipyramidal Geometry
A shape with five bonded atoms occupying three equatorial and two axial positions around a central atom.
Chemical Bonding & Molecular StructureTrigonal Planar Geometry
A flat molecular shape with three bonded atoms arranged around a central atom at 120°.
States of Matter & Gas LawsTriple Point
The unique temperature and pressure at which the solid, liquid and vapour phases of a substance coexist in equilibrium.
Thermochemistry & ThermodynamicsTrouton's Rule
The empirical observation that the entropy of vaporisation of many liquids is close to 88 J/(mol·K) at their boiling point.
Chemical Kinetics & CatalysisTurnover Number
The number of substrate molecules converted per catalytic site per unit time.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesTyndall Effect
The scattering of a light beam by colloidal particles, making the beam's path visible through the medium.
Analytical Chemistry & SpectroscopyUltraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy
A technique that measures the absorption of ultraviolet and visible light by electronic transitions within molecules.
Chemical Kinetics & CatalysisUnimolecular Reaction
An elementary step in which a single molecule rearranges or decomposes.
States of Matter & Gas LawsUnit Cell
The smallest repeating three-dimensional unit that, when stacked, reproduces the entire crystal lattice.
Chemical EquilibriumUnits of the Equilibrium Constant
The dimensions carried by an equilibrium constant, determined by the change in the number of moles in the balanced equation.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryUnsaturated Fat
A fat containing one or more carbon–carbon double bonds in its fatty acid chains.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesUnsaturated Solution
A solution containing less dissolved solute than it could hold at the given temperature.
Nuclear & RadiochemistryUranium–Lead Dating
A radiometric method that determines the age of very old rocks from the ratio of uranium to its lead decay products.
Chemical Bonding & Molecular StructureValence Bond Theory
The bonding model in which a covalent bond forms by the overlap of half-filled atomic orbitals on adjacent atoms.
Inorganic & Coordination ChemistryValence Bond Theory of Complexes
The model describing coordinate bonding as the overlap of filled ligand orbitals with hybridised empty orbitals on the metal.
Atomic Structure & PeriodicityValence Electron
An electron in the outermost occupied shell of an atom, available for bonding.
Foundations of ChemistryValency
The combining capacity of an element, equal to the number of electrons an atom gains, loses or shares when forming compounds.
Inorganic & Coordination ChemistryVan Arkel Process
A purification method in which a metal is converted to a volatile iodide and then decomposed on a hot filament.