Acids, Bases & Salts
60 terms · page 1 of 3
Acid
A substance that donates protons, produces hydrogen ions in water, or accepts a pair of electrons.
Acids, Bases & SaltsAcid Dissociation Constant
The equilibrium constant for the ionisation of an acid in water, measuring its strength.
Acids, Bases & SaltsAcid Strength and Molecular Structure
The structural factors that determine how readily a molecule releases a proton.
Acids, Bases & SaltsAcidic Buffer
A buffer made from a weak acid and one of its salts, giving a pH below 7.
Acids, Bases & SaltsAcidic Salt
A salt whose aqueous solution has a pH below 7, or one that still contains replaceable hydrogen.
Acids, Bases & SaltsAcidic Solution
A solution in which the hydrogen ion concentration exceeds the hydroxide ion concentration.
Acids, Bases & SaltsAcid–Base Indicator
A weak acid or base whose conjugate forms have distinctly different colours, used to signal the end point of a titration.
Acids, Bases & SaltsAcid–Base Titration
A titration in which an acid is neutralised by a base, or the reverse, monitored by an indicator or a pH meter.
Acids, Bases & SaltsAmphiprotic Species
A species that can both donate and accept a proton.
Acids, Bases & SaltsAmphoteric Substance
A substance able to react as either an acid or a base depending on what it meets.
Acids, Bases & SaltsArrhenius Theory
The theory defining an acid as a substance that produces H⁺ ions in water and a base as one that produces OH⁻ ions.
Acids, Bases & SaltsBase
A substance that accepts protons, produces hydroxide ions in water, or donates a pair of electrons.
Acids, Bases & SaltsBase Dissociation Constant
The equilibrium constant for the reaction of a base with water to produce hydroxide ions.
Acids, Bases & SaltsBasic Buffer
A buffer made from a weak base and one of its salts, giving a pH above 7.
Acids, Bases & SaltsBasic Salt
A salt whose aqueous solution has a pH above 7, or one that retains a hydroxide group.
Acids, Bases & SaltsBasic Solution
A solution in which the hydroxide ion concentration exceeds the hydrogen ion concentration.
Acids, Bases & SaltsBrønsted–Lowry Theory
The theory defining an acid as a proton donor and a base as a proton acceptor.
Acids, Bases & SaltsBuffer Capacity
The amount of strong acid or base a buffer can absorb before its pH changes appreciably.
Acids, Bases & SaltsBuffer Range
The span of pH values over which a buffer works effectively, conventionally one unit either side of its pKa.
Acids, Bases & SaltsBuffer Solution
A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
Acids, Bases & SaltsComplex Salt
A salt containing a complex ion that retains its identity in solution rather than dissociating into simpler ions.
Acids, Bases & SaltsConjugate Acid–Base Pair
Two species differing by exactly one proton, one being the acid and the other its corresponding base.
Acids, Bases & SaltsDegree of Hydrolysis
The fraction of a salt's ions that have reacted with water at equilibrium.
Acids, Bases & SaltsDegree of Ionisation
The fraction of dissolved electrolyte molecules that have broken into ions at equilibrium.