Terms starting with P
72 terms · page 1 of 3
p-Block Elements
The elements of groups 13 to 18, in which the outermost electrons progressively fill p orbitals.
States of Matter & Gas LawsPacking Efficiency
The percentage of the total volume of a unit cell that is actually occupied by the constituent particles.
Atomic Structure & PeriodicityParamagnetism
Weak attraction into a magnetic field, shown by substances containing one or more unpaired electrons.
Nuclear & RadiochemistryParent and Daughter Nuclide
The nuclide undergoing decay and the nuclide produced by that decay.
States of Matter & Gas LawsPartial Pressure
The pressure that one component of a gas mixture would exert if it alone occupied the whole volume.
Chemical EquilibriumPartition Coefficient
The equilibrium ratio of a solute's concentrations in two immiscible phases.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesParts per Billion
A concentration unit expressing one part of solute per thousand million parts of solution.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesParts per Million
A concentration unit expressing one part of solute per million parts of solution by mass or volume.
Thermochemistry & ThermodynamicsPath Function
A quantity whose value depends on the specific route taken between two states.
Atomic Structure & PeriodicityPauli Exclusion Principle
The rule that no two electrons in an atom may have the same set of all four quantum numbers.
Nuclear & RadiochemistryPenetrating Power
The depth to which a given type of radiation can travel into a material before being absorbed.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryPeptide Bond
The amide linkage joining the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of the next.
Foundations of ChemistryPercentage Composition
The proportion by mass of each element in a compound, expressed as a percentage of the total mass.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsPercentage Purity
The proportion of a sample that consists of the desired compound, expressed as a percentage of the total mass.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsPercentage Yield
The actual yield expressed as a percentage of the theoretical yield.
Atomic Structure & PeriodicityPeriod
A horizontal row of the periodic table, corresponding to one principal quantum number of the valence shell.
Atomic Structure & PeriodicityPeriodic Law
The principle that the properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.
Atomic Structure & PeriodicityPeriodic Table
The tabular arrangement of the chemical elements by increasing atomic number, grouping those with similar properties in vertical columns.
Chemical EquilibriumPerturbation and Re-equilibration
The disturbance of an equilibrium followed by its relaxation to a new equilibrium state.
Acids, Bases & SaltspH
The negative logarithm to base ten of the hydrogen ion concentration, measuring the acidity of a solution.
Acids, Bases & SaltspH Scale
The conventional scale, usually running from 0 to 14, on which the acidity or alkalinity of aqueous solutions is expressed.
States of Matter & Gas LawsPhase Diagram
A pressure–temperature plot showing which phase of a substance is thermodynamically stable under any given conditions.
Chemical EquilibriumPhase Equilibrium
The condition in which two or more phases of a substance coexist with no net transfer between them.
Organic ChemistryPhenol
A compound in which a hydroxyl group is bonded directly to an aromatic ring.