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960 terms · page 35 of 40
Sigma Bond
A covalent bond formed by the head-on overlap of atomic orbitals, with electron density concentrated along the internuclear axis.
Foundations of ChemistrySignificant Figures
The digits in a measured value that carry meaningful precision, comprising all certain digits plus one estimated digit.
States of Matter & Gas LawsSimple Cubic
A crystal arrangement with particles only at the eight corners of a cubic unit cell.
Chemical EquilibriumSimultaneous Equilibria
Several equilibria existing together in the same solution, all satisfied at once.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsSingle Displacement Reaction
A reaction in which a more reactive element replaces a less reactive one from its compound.
Inorganic & Coordination ChemistrySlag
The molten by-product formed when a flux combines with the gangue during smelting.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsSmelting
The reduction of a metal oxide to the metal by heating with a reducing agent, usually carbon or carbon monoxide.
Organic ChemistrySN1 Reaction
A two-step nucleophilic substitution proceeding through a carbocation intermediate.
Organic ChemistrySN2 Reaction
A single-step nucleophilic substitution in which bond formation and bond breaking occur simultaneously.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSol
A colloidal system consisting of solid particles dispersed throughout a liquid medium.
States of Matter & Gas LawsSolid State
The state of matter in which particles are held in fixed positions, giving a definite shape and volume.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSolubility
The maximum quantity of a solute that dissolves in a given amount of solvent at a specified temperature to give a saturated solution.
Chemical EquilibriumSolubility and Ksp Relationship
The mathematical link between molar solubility and the solubility product of a salt.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSolubility of Gases
The amount of a gas that dissolves in a given volume of liquid at a stated temperature and partial pressure.
Chemical EquilibriumSolubility Product
The equilibrium constant for the dissolution of a sparingly soluble ionic solid into its constituent ions.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsSolubility Rules
A set of empirical guidelines predicting whether an ionic compound will dissolve appreciably in water.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSolute
The component of a solution present in the smaller amount, which is dispersed throughout the solvent.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSolution
A homogeneous mixture in which one or more substances are dispersed uniformly at the molecular or ionic level in another.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSolvation
The surrounding and stabilisation of a solute particle by a shell of solvent molecules.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSolvent
The component of a solution present in the greater amount, which dissolves and disperses the solute.
Chemical EquilibriumSolvent Extraction Equilibrium
The equilibrium established when a solute is transferred between two immiscible liquid phases in a separating funnel.
Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structuresp Hybridisation
The mixing of one s and one p orbital to give two linear hybrid orbitals at 180° to each other.
Thermochemistry & ThermodynamicsSpecific Heat Capacity
The heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of a substance by one kelvin.
Analytical Chemistry & SpectroscopySpecificity
The ability of a method to measure the analyte accurately in the presence of everything else in the sample.