Search results for “pH”

Decomposition Reaction Stoichiometry & Chemical Reactions Dimensionless A reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. AB → A + B

Degree of Ionisation Acids, Bases & Salts Dimensionless The fraction of dissolved electrolyte molecules that have broken into ions at equilibrium. α = ionised / total

Dehydration Reaction Stoichiometry & Chemical Reactions Dimensionless A reaction in which water is removed from a single molecule, generally producing an unsaturated or condensed product. R–CH₂–CH₂OH → R–CH=CH₂ + H₂O

Denaturation Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry Dimensionless The loss of a protein's native three-dimensional structure without breaking its peptide bonds.

Diastereomer Organic Chemistry Dimensionless A stereoisomer that is not a mirror image of the compound with which it is compared.

Diprotic Acid Acids, Bases & Salts mol/L An acid that can donate two protons per molecule. H₂A ⇌ 2H⁺ + A²⁻

Distillation Foundations of Chemistry Dimensionless A separation technique that exploits differences in volatility by vaporising a liquid and condensing the vapour in a separate vessel.

Distribution Law Chemical Equilibrium Dimensionless The principle that a solute distributes itself between two immiscible solvents in a constant ratio at fixed temperature. K_D = C_organic / C_aqueous

Double Helix Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry nm The structure of DNA, in which two antiparallel polynucleotide strands wind around a common axis. 10.5 base pairs per turn

E1 Reaction Organic Chemistry s⁻¹ A two-step elimination proceeding through a carbocation, which then loses a proton to form an alkene. rate = k[substrate]

Ebullioscopic Constant Solutions & Colligative Properties K·kg/mol The boiling point elevation produced by a one-molal solution of a non-electrolyte in a given solvent. K_b = RT_b²M / ΔH_vap

Electrode Electrochemistry & Redox Dimensionless A conductor through which electric current enters or leaves an electrolyte.

Electrolyte Electrochemistry & Redox S/m A substance that produces mobile ions when dissolved or molten and therefore conducts electricity.

Emulsion Solutions & Colligative Properties nm A colloidal dispersion of one liquid as fine droplets throughout another liquid with which it is immiscible.

Enantiomer Organic Chemistry degrees One of a pair of stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other. (+) and (−), or R and S

Endergonic Reaction Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics kJ/mol A reaction with a positive Gibbs free energy change, which requires an input of energy to proceed. ΔG > 0

Enthalpy Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics kJ/mol A thermodynamic state function equal to internal energy plus the product of pressure and volume. H = U + pV

Enthalpy of Sublimation Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics kJ/mol The enthalpy change when one mole of a solid converts directly into vapour. ΔH_sub = ΔH_fus + ΔH_vap

Enzyme Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry Dimensionless A biological catalyst, almost always a protein, that accelerates a specific biochemical reaction.

Enzyme Catalysis Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis Dimensionless Catalysis by protein molecules that bind substrates at a specific active site and lower the activation energy dramatically.

Equivalence Point Acids, Bases & Salts mol The point in a titration at which exactly stoichiometric amounts of the two reactants have been combined. n_acid × basicity = n_base × acidity

Foam Solutions & Colligative Properties nm A colloidal system in which gas bubbles are dispersed throughout a liquid or solid medium.

Friedel–Crafts Reaction Organic Chemistry Dimensionless The introduction of an alkyl or acyl group onto an aromatic ring using a Lewis acid catalyst. ArH + RCl + AlCl₃ → ArR + HCl

Galvanisation Electrochemistry & Redox μm The coating of iron or steel with a layer of zinc to protect it from corrosion.

Results for “pH”