Terms starting with S
104 terms · page 2 of 5
Self-Ionisation of Water
The reaction in which two water molecules transfer a proton to give a hydronium and a hydroxide ion.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSemipermeable Membrane
A barrier that allows solvent molecules to pass while blocking larger solute particles.
Analytical Chemistry & SpectroscopySensitivity
The change in an instrument's response for a given change in analyte concentration.
Atomic Structure & PeriodicityShielding Effect
The reduction in the nuclear attraction felt by an outer electron caused by repulsion from electrons in inner shells.
Foundations of ChemistrySI Base Units
The seven defined units of the International System from which every other measurement unit is derived.
Nuclear & RadiochemistrySievert
The SI unit of equivalent dose, weighting absorbed dose by the biological damage the radiation type causes.
Chemical Bonding & Molecular StructureSigma Bond
A covalent bond formed by the head-on overlap of atomic orbitals, with electron density concentrated along the internuclear axis.
Foundations of ChemistrySignificant Figures
The digits in a measured value that carry meaningful precision, comprising all certain digits plus one estimated digit.
States of Matter & Gas LawsSimple Cubic
A crystal arrangement with particles only at the eight corners of a cubic unit cell.
Chemical EquilibriumSimultaneous Equilibria
Several equilibria existing together in the same solution, all satisfied at once.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsSingle Displacement Reaction
A reaction in which a more reactive element replaces a less reactive one from its compound.
Inorganic & Coordination ChemistrySlag
The molten by-product formed when a flux combines with the gangue during smelting.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsSmelting
The reduction of a metal oxide to the metal by heating with a reducing agent, usually carbon or carbon monoxide.
Organic ChemistrySN1 Reaction
A two-step nucleophilic substitution proceeding through a carbocation intermediate.
Organic ChemistrySN2 Reaction
A single-step nucleophilic substitution in which bond formation and bond breaking occur simultaneously.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSol
A colloidal system consisting of solid particles dispersed throughout a liquid medium.
States of Matter & Gas LawsSolid State
The state of matter in which particles are held in fixed positions, giving a definite shape and volume.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSolubility
The maximum quantity of a solute that dissolves in a given amount of solvent at a specified temperature to give a saturated solution.
Chemical EquilibriumSolubility and Ksp Relationship
The mathematical link between molar solubility and the solubility product of a salt.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSolubility of Gases
The amount of a gas that dissolves in a given volume of liquid at a stated temperature and partial pressure.
Chemical EquilibriumSolubility Product
The equilibrium constant for the dissolution of a sparingly soluble ionic solid into its constituent ions.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsSolubility Rules
A set of empirical guidelines predicting whether an ionic compound will dissolve appreciably in water.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSolute
The component of a solution present in the smaller amount, which is dispersed throughout the solvent.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSolution
A homogeneous mixture in which one or more substances are dispersed uniformly at the molecular or ionic level in another.