Home Wikituition Browse all terms Categories
Random term

Results for “pH”

39 terms · page 1 of 2


A–Z
All A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Filtering by: pH Starts with S Clear all
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Stationary Phase

The fixed material in a chromatographic system with which the sample components interact as they pass.

Dimensionless
Organic Chemistry

SN1 Reaction

A two-step nucleophilic substitution proceeding through a carbocation intermediate.

rate = k[substrate] s⁻¹
Organic Chemistry

SN2 Reaction

A single-step nucleophilic substitution in which bond formation and bond breaking occur simultaneously.

rate = k[substrate][nucleophile] L/(mol·s)
Chemical Equilibrium

Solvent Extraction Equilibrium

The equilibrium established when a solute is transferred between two immiscible liquid phases in a separating funnel.

efficiency = P V₁ / (P V₁ + V₂) Dimensionless
States of Matter & Gas Laws

Supercritical Fluid

A substance held above both its critical temperature and critical pressure, where liquid and gas phases are indistinguishable.

T > T_c and p > p_c K, Pa
Acids, Bases & Salts

Salt

An ionic compound formed when the hydrogen of an acid is replaced by a metal or other cation.

acid + base → salt + water Dimensionless
Acids, Bases & Salts

Salt Hydrolysis

The reaction of a salt's ions with water to produce an acidic or alkaline solution.

A⁻ + H₂O ⇌ HA + OH⁻ mol/L
Nuclear & Radiochemistry

Scintillation Counter

A detector in which radiation causes a material to emit flashes of light that are counted and measured.

counts/s
Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

Second Law of Thermodynamics

The total entropy of the universe increases in every spontaneous process.

ΔS_universe > 0 J/K
Electrochemistry & Redox

Secondary Cell

A cell whose reaction can be reversed by an applied current, allowing it to be recharged and reused.

V
Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry

Secondary Structure

Local regular folding patterns of a polypeptide backbone stabilised by hydrogen bonds.

Dimensionless
Inorganic & Coordination Chemistry

Secondary Valence

In Werner's theory, the non-ionisable valence corresponding to the coordination number, satisfied by ligands in fixed spatial positions.

Dimensionless
Chemical Equilibrium

Selective Precipitation

The separation of ions from a mixture by adding a reagent that precipitates them one at a time.

mol/L
Acids, Bases & Salts

Self-Ionisation of Water

The reaction in which two water molecules transfer a proton to give a hydronium and a hydroxide ion.

2H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + OH⁻ mol/L
Foundations of Chemistry

SI Base Units

The seven defined units of the International System from which every other measurement unit is derived.

Various
Nuclear & Radiochemistry

Sievert

The SI unit of equivalent dose, weighting absorbed dose by the biological damage the radiation type causes.

H = D × w_R Sv
Inorganic & Coordination Chemistry

Slag

The molten by-product formed when a flux combines with the gangue during smelting.

Dimensionless
States of Matter & Gas Laws

Solid State

The state of matter in which particles are held in fixed positions, giving a definite shape and volume.

Dimensionless
Stoichiometry & Chemical Reactions

Solubility Rules

A set of empirical guidelines predicting whether an ionic compound will dissolve appreciably in water.

Dimensionless
Solutions & Colligative Properties

Solution

A homogeneous mixture in which one or more substances are dispersed uniformly at the molecular or ionic level in another.

Dimensionless
Solutions & Colligative Properties

Solvent

The component of a solution present in the greater amount, which dissolves and disperses the solute.

L
Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

Standard Molar Entropy

The absolute entropy of one mole of a substance in its standard state at 298 K.

ΔS° = ΣS°(products) − ΣS°(reactants) J/(mol·K)
Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry

Starch

The storage polysaccharide of plants, consisting of amylose and amylopectin.

(C₆H₁₀O₅)ₙ Dimensionless
Acids, Bases & Salts

Stepwise Ionisation

The successive loss of protons from a polyprotic acid, each governed by its own equilibrium constant.

Ka₁ ≫ Ka₂ ≫ Ka₃ mol/L