Staged Photography
Photography in which the scene is deliberately constructed and performed for the camera.
In depth
Staging has existed since photography's earliest years and became a central strategy of contemporary art from the 1970s, where elaborate constructed scenes borrow the language of cinema and painting. It is entirely legitimate as art and entirely prohibited in journalism, which is why the distinction between the two contexts matters so much.
Examples in practice
A single tableau built over weeks, lit like a film set and shot in one frame, presents a fiction as a photograph.