Caption and Context
The text and setting accompanying a photograph, which largely determine how it is understood.
In depth
A photograph is descriptively rich and semantically open: it shows a great deal and states almost nothing. The caption supplies who, where and when, and the publication supplies the frame of interpretation — which is why the same image can be evidence in one context and illustration in another. Most photographic dishonesty is committed in text rather than in pixels.
Examples in practice
The same crowd photograph supports opposite claims depending on the date and place its caption asserts.