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Results for “Mole”

256 terms · page 9 of 11


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Foundations of Chemistry

Homogeneous Mixture

A mixture whose composition and properties are uniform throughout, with no visible boundary between the components.

Dimensionless
Organic Chemistry

Hückel's Rule

The rule that a planar cyclic conjugated system is aromatic if it contains 4n + 2 pi electrons.

4n + 2 π electrons Dimensionless
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Integration in NMR

The measurement of the area under each NMR signal, which is proportional to the number of nuclei giving rise to it.

area ∝ number of nuclei Dimensionless
Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

Internal Energy

The total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles within a system.

ΔU = q + w J
Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure

Ionic Bond

The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions formed by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

F ∝ q₁q₂ / r² kJ/mol
Atomic Structure & Periodicity

Isoelectronic Species

Atoms or ions that possess the same number of electrons and the same electron configuration.

Dimensionless
States of Matter & Gas Laws

Joule–Thomson Effect

The temperature change of a real gas when it expands through a throttle without exchanging heat or doing external work.

μ = (∂T/∂p)_H K/Pa
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis

Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm

A model describing monolayer adsorption on a surface with a fixed number of equivalent, independent sites.

θ = Kp / (1 + Kp) Dimensionless
States of Matter & Gas Laws

Latent Heat

The energy absorbed or released when a substance changes state, with no accompanying change in temperature.

q = m × L kJ/kg
Foundations of Chemistry

Law of Definite Proportions

The principle that a given chemical compound always contains its constituent elements in the same fixed mass ratio.

Dimensionless
Solutions & Colligative Properties

Like Dissolves Like

The empirical rule that substances dissolve best in solvents with similar polarity and bonding character.

Dimensionless
Stoichiometry & Chemical Reactions

Limiting Reagent

The reactant that is completely consumed first and therefore determines the maximum amount of product obtainable.

smallest n / coefficient mol
States of Matter & Gas Laws

Liquid State

The state of matter with a definite volume but no fixed shape, in which particles are close together yet free to move past one another.

Dimensionless
Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure

Lone Pair

A pair of valence electrons localised on one atom and not involved in bonding.

Dimensionless
Foundations of Chemistry

Matter

Anything that occupies space and possesses rest mass, existing in the solid, liquid, gas or plasma state.

kg
Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry

Metabolism

The complete set of chemical reactions occurring within a living organism.

kJ/day
Solutions & Colligative Properties

Miscibility

The ability of two liquids to mix in all proportions to form a single homogeneous phase.

Dimensionless
Electrochemistry & Redox

Molar Conductivity

The conductivity of a solution divided by the molar concentration of the electrolyte.

Λm = κ / c S·cm²/mol
Solutions & Colligative Properties

Negative Deviation

Behaviour in which a solution exerts a lower vapour pressure than Raoult's law predicts.

p < x p° Pa
Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry

Nucleotide

The monomer of nucleic acids, consisting of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar and a phosphate group.

Dimensionless
States of Matter & Gas Laws

Partial Pressure

The pressure that one component of a gas mixture would exert if it alone occupied the whole volume.

p_i = x_i × p_total Pa
Acids, Bases & Salts

Phenolphthalein

An acid–base indicator that is colourless in acid and pink in alkaline solution, changing between pH 8.3 and 10.0.

C₂₀H₁₄O₄ Dimensionless
Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry

Phospholipid

A lipid in which one fatty acid of a triglyceride is replaced by a phosphate-containing group.

Dimensionless
Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry

Photosynthesis

The process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrate and oxygen.

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ kJ/mol