Chemistry terms starting with V

Valence Bond Theory Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure Dimensionless The bonding model in which a covalent bond forms by the overlap of half-filled atomic orbitals on adjacent atoms.

Valence Bond Theory of Complexes Inorganic & Coordination Chemistry Dimensionless The model describing coordinate bonding as the overlap of filled ligand orbitals with hybridised empty orbitals on the metal. d²sp³, sp³d², sp³, dsp²

Valence Electron Atomic Structure & Periodicity Dimensionless An electron in the outermost occupied shell of an atom, available for bonding.

Valency Foundations of Chemistry Dimensionless The combining capacity of an element, equal to the number of electrons an atom gains, loses or shares when forming compounds.

Van Arkel Process Inorganic & Coordination Chemistry °C A purification method in which a metal is converted to a volatile iodide and then decomposed on a hot filament. Ti + 2I₂ ⇌ TiI₄

Van der Waals Equation States of Matter & Gas Laws Various A modified equation of state that corrects the ideal gas law for molecular volume and intermolecular attraction. (p + an²/V²)(V − nb) = nRT

Van der Waals Forces Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure kJ/mol The collective name for the weak attractive forces between molecules arising from dipole interactions. E ∝ 1 / r⁶

Van't Hoff Equation Chemical Equilibrium kJ/mol The equation describing how an equilibrium constant varies with temperature. ln(K₂/K₁) = −ΔH°/R (1/T₂ − 1/T₁)

Van't Hoff Factor Solutions & Colligative Properties Dimensionless The ratio of the actual number of particles produced in solution to the number of formula units dissolved. i = observed ΔT / calculated ΔT

Vapour Pressure States of Matter & Gas Laws Pa The pressure exerted by a vapour in dynamic equilibrium with its liquid or solid at a given temperature. ln p = −ΔH_vap / RT + C

Vapour–Liquid Equilibrium Chemical Equilibrium Pa The equilibrium between a liquid and its vapour in a closed container at a given temperature. p = p_saturated

Viscosity States of Matter & Gas Laws Pa·s A liquid's resistance to flow, arising from internal friction between adjacent layers of molecules. F = ηA (dv/dx)

Vitamin Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry mg An organic compound required in small amounts that an organism cannot synthesise for itself.

Volume Percentage Solutions & Colligative Properties Dimensionless The volume of a liquid solute expressed as a percentage of the total volume of solution. % v/v = (V_solute / V_solution) × 100

Volumetric Analysis Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy mL Quantitative analysis based on measuring the volume of a standard solution needed to react with the analyte. n = M × V

VSEPR Theory Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure Dimensionless The model that predicts molecular shape by arranging valence electron pairs around a central atom so their mutual repulsion is minimised. AXₘEₙ notation

Vulcanisation Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry Dimensionless The treatment of natural rubber with sulfur to form cross-links that greatly improve its properties.

Terms starting with V