Organic Chemistry
60 terms · page 1 of 3
Alcohol
An organic compound containing a hydroxyl group bonded to a saturated carbon atom.
Organic ChemistryAldehyde
A compound containing a carbonyl group bonded to at least one hydrogen atom, so it lies at the end of a chain.
Organic ChemistryAldol Condensation
The base-catalysed reaction of two carbonyl compounds to give a beta-hydroxy carbonyl, which often dehydrates to an enone.
Organic ChemistryAlkane
A saturated hydrocarbon containing only single carbon–carbon bonds.
Organic ChemistryAlkene
An unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon–carbon double bond.
Organic ChemistryAlkyne
An unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon–carbon triple bond.
Organic ChemistryAmide
A compound in which a carbonyl group is bonded directly to nitrogen.
Organic ChemistryAmine
A compound derived from ammonia by replacing one or more hydrogens with alkyl or aryl groups.
Organic ChemistryAnti-Markovnikov Addition
Addition in which the hydrogen attaches to the carbon bearing fewer hydrogens, reversing the normal regiochemistry.
Organic ChemistryArene
An aromatic hydrocarbon containing one or more benzene rings.
Organic ChemistryAromaticity
The special stability of planar cyclic molecules with a continuous, fully conjugated system of delocalised pi electrons.
Organic ChemistryBenzene
The simplest aromatic hydrocarbon, a planar regular hexagon of six sp² carbons with a delocalised pi cloud.
Organic ChemistryCannizzaro Reaction
The disproportionation of an aldehyde with no alpha hydrogen under concentrated alkali into an alcohol and a carboxylate.
Organic ChemistryCarbanion
An organic ion in which a carbon atom bears a negative charge and a lone pair.
Organic ChemistryCarbocation
An organic ion in which a carbon atom bears a positive charge and only six valence electrons.
Organic ChemistryCarboxylic Acid
A compound containing a carboxyl group, in which a carbonyl and a hydroxyl group share the same carbon.
Organic ChemistryChain Isomerism
Structural isomerism arising from different arrangements of the carbon skeleton.
Organic ChemistryChirality
The property of a molecule that makes it non-superimposable on its mirror image.
Organic ChemistryConformational Isomerism
The different spatial arrangements a molecule can adopt through rotation about single bonds.
Organic ChemistryDiastereomer
A stereoisomer that is not a mirror image of the compound with which it is compared.
Organic ChemistryE1 Reaction
A two-step elimination proceeding through a carbocation, which then loses a proton to form an alkene.
Organic ChemistryE2 Reaction
A single-step elimination in which a base removes a proton as the leaving group departs, forming a double bond.
Organic ChemistryElectrophile
An electron-deficient species that seeks and accepts a pair of electrons from an electron-rich centre.
Organic ChemistryElectrophilic Addition
A reaction in which an electrophile adds across a carbon–carbon multiple bond, converting a pi bond into two sigma bonds.