Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry
60 terms · page 2 of 3
Glucose
The most abundant monosaccharide and the primary energy source for most living cells.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryGlycogen
The storage polysaccharide of animals, a highly branched polymer of glucose.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryGlycolysis
The ten-step metabolic pathway that converts one molecule of glucose into two of pyruvate.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryGlycosidic Bond
The covalent linkage joining a sugar unit to another molecule through an oxygen bridge.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryHormone
A chemical messenger released by one tissue that regulates the activity of cells elsewhere in the body.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryInduced Fit Model
The model in which the active site changes shape on substrate binding to achieve a closer fit.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryIsoelectric Point
The pH at which a molecule carries no net electrical charge.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryLipid
A biomolecule that is largely non-polar and therefore insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryLock and Key Model
The model proposing that the substrate fits a rigid, precisely shaped active site as a key fits a lock.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryMetabolism
The complete set of chemical reactions occurring within a living organism.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryMonomer
The small molecule that repeats to form a polymer.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryMonosaccharide
The simplest carbohydrate, which cannot be hydrolysed into smaller sugar units.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryNucleic Acid
A biopolymer of nucleotides that stores and transmits genetic information.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryNucleotide
The monomer of nucleic acids, consisting of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar and a phosphate group.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryPeptide Bond
The amide linkage joining the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of the next.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryPhospholipid
A lipid in which one fatty acid of a triglyceride is replaced by a phosphate-containing group.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryPhotosynthesis
The process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrate and oxygen.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryPolymer
A large molecule built from many repeating structural units joined by covalent bonds.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryPolysaccharide
A carbohydrate polymer built from many monosaccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryPrimary Structure
The linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryProtein
A large biomolecule made of one or more chains of amino acids folded into a specific three-dimensional shape.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryQuaternary Structure
The arrangement of two or more folded polypeptide chains into a functional protein complex.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryReducing Sugar
A sugar with a free aldehyde or ketone group that can reduce mild oxidising agents.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryRNA
A generally single-stranded nucleic acid that carries out the expression of genetic information.