Search results for “Mole”

Hydrate Isomerism Inorganic & Coordination Chemistry Dimensionless Isomerism arising from water molecules occupying either the coordination sphere or lattice positions outside it.

Hydration Energy Solutions & Colligative Properties kJ/mol The energy released when one mole of gaseous ions is surrounded by water molecules to form a dilute aqueous solution. ΔH_hyd ∝ z / r

Ideal Gas States of Matter & Gas Laws Dimensionless A hypothetical gas whose particles have zero volume and exert no intermolecular forces, obeying pV = nRT exactly at all conditions. pV = nRT

Ideal Solution Solutions & Colligative Properties Dimensionless A solution in which the interactions between unlike molecules are identical to those between like molecules, so Raoult's law holds at all compositions. ΔH_mix = 0, ΔV_mix = 0

Infrared Spectroscopy Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy cm⁻¹ A technique that identifies functional groups from the infrared frequencies a molecule absorbs as its bonds vibrate. ν̃ = (1/2πc)√(k/μ)

Ionisation Energy Atomic Structure & Periodicity kJ/mol The minimum energy needed to remove the most loosely held electron from one mole of gaseous atoms in their ground state. X(g) → X⁺(g) + e⁻

Ion–Dipole Interaction Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure kJ/mol The attraction between an ion and the oppositely charged end of a polar molecule. E ∝ q μ / r²

Isoelectric Point Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry Dimensionless The pH at which a molecule carries no net electrical charge. pI = (pKa₁ + pKa₂)/2

Isomerism Organic Chemistry Dimensionless The existence of two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms.

Isotopic Peak Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy Da A peak appearing at a higher mass than the main ion because the molecule contains a heavier isotope. M+1, M+2

Lattice Energy Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure kJ/mol The energy released when one mole of an ionic solid is formed from its constituent gaseous ions. U ∝ (z⁺z⁻) / (r⁺ + r⁻)

Lewis Structure Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure Dimensionless A diagram showing the bonding and lone pairs of a molecule using dots or lines for valence electrons.

Ligand Inorganic & Coordination Chemistry Dimensionless An ion or molecule that donates one or more electron pairs to a central metal atom.

Ligand Field Theory Inorganic & Coordination Chemistry cm⁻¹ The refined bonding model that combines crystal field theory with molecular orbital treatment of metal–ligand covalency.

Linear Geometry Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure degrees A molecular shape in which the bonded atoms lie on a straight line, giving a bond angle of 180°. AX₂ or AX₂E₃

Lipid Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry Dimensionless A biomolecule that is largely non-polar and therefore insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.

Liquid Crystal States of Matter & Gas Laws Dimensionless A state of matter that flows like a liquid but retains some of the molecular ordering of a crystal.

London Dispersion Forces Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure kJ/mol Attractions between molecules caused by instantaneous fluctuations in electron distribution inducing dipoles in neighbours. E ∝ α² / r⁶

Mass Spectrometry Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy Da A technique that separates ionised molecules and fragments according to their mass-to-charge ratio. m/z

Maxwell–Boltzmann Distribution States of Matter & Gas Laws Dimensionless The statistical distribution describing how molecular speeds are spread within a gas at a given temperature. f(v) ∝ v² e^(−mv² / 2kT)

Metal Carbonyl Inorganic & Coordination Chemistry Dimensionless A coordination compound in which carbon monoxide molecules are bonded to a metal centre. M(CO)ₙ

Micelle Solutions & Colligative Properties mol/L A spherical aggregate of surfactant molecules that forms in solution above a characteristic concentration.

Molality Solutions & Colligative Properties mol/kg The concentration of a solution expressed as moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. m = n / mass of solvent (kg)

Molar Heat Capacity Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics J/(mol·K) The heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of a substance by one kelvin. C_m = q / (nΔT)

Results for “Mole”