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960 terms · page 18 of 40
Glycosidic Bond
The covalent linkage joining a sugar unit to another molecule through an oxygen bridge.
States of Matter & Gas LawsGraham's Law of Diffusion
The rate at which a gas diffuses or effuses is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.
Analytical Chemistry & SpectroscopyGravimetric Analysis
Quantitative analysis based on measuring the mass of a product of known composition.
Nuclear & RadiochemistryGray
The SI unit of absorbed radiation dose, equal to one joule of energy deposited per kilogram of matter.
Organic ChemistryGrignard Reagent
An organomagnesium halide that acts as a source of a carbanion-like nucleophilic carbon.
Atomic Structure & PeriodicityGroup
A vertical column of the periodic table whose members share the same valence electron configuration.
Chemical Kinetics & CatalysisHalf-Life of a Reaction
The time required for the concentration of a reactant to fall to half its initial value.
Electrochemistry & RedoxHalf-Reaction
An equation showing either the oxidation or the reduction part of a redox process, including the electrons transferred.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsHalf-Reaction Method
A technique for balancing redox equations by splitting them into separate oxidation and reduction half-equations.
Organic ChemistryHaloalkane
An alkane in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by halogen atoms.
Atomic Structure & PeriodicityHalogens
The group 17 elements — fluorine through astatine — which are one electron short of a full outer shell.
Thermochemistry & ThermodynamicsHeat
Energy transferred between a system and its surroundings solely because of a temperature difference.
Thermochemistry & ThermodynamicsHeat Capacity at Constant Pressure
The heat needed to raise a system's temperature by one kelvin while pressure is held constant.
Thermochemistry & ThermodynamicsHeat Capacity at Constant Volume
The heat needed to raise a system's temperature by one kelvin while its volume is held fixed.
Atomic Structure & PeriodicityHeisenberg Uncertainty Principle
The principle that the position and momentum of a particle cannot both be known to arbitrary precision at the same time.
Thermochemistry & ThermodynamicsHelmholtz Free Energy
The thermodynamic potential that determines spontaneity at constant temperature and volume.
Acids, Bases & SaltsHenderson–Hasselbalch Equation
The equation giving the pH of a buffer from the pKa of its acid and the ratio of conjugate base to acid.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesHenry's Law
The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid.
Thermochemistry & ThermodynamicsHess's Law
The total enthalpy change of a reaction is the same regardless of the route taken, provided the initial and final states are identical.
Chemical Kinetics & CatalysisHeterogeneous Catalysis
Catalysis in which the catalyst is in a different phase from the reactants, usually a solid with gaseous or liquid reagents.
Chemical EquilibriumHeterogeneous Equilibrium
An equilibrium involving species present in more than one phase.
Foundations of ChemistryHeterogeneous Mixture
A mixture in which the components remain physically distinct, so composition varies from one region of the sample to another.
States of Matter & Gas LawsHexagonal Close Packing
A close-packed arrangement in which layers of spheres repeat in an ABAB sequence.
Inorganic & Coordination ChemistryHigh Spin Complex
A complex in which electrons occupy the higher d orbitals singly before pairing, maximising unpaired spins.