Terms starting with F
32 terms · page 1 of 2
f-Block Elements
Atomic Structure & Periodicity
Dimensionless
The lanthanides and actinides, in which electrons fill the f orbitals of the antepenultimate shell.
(n−2)f¹⁻¹⁴
Face-Centred Cubic
States of Matter & Gas Laws
Dimensionless
A cubic arrangement with particles at the eight corners and at the centre of each of the six faces.
4 atoms per cell, 74% packing
Fajans' Rules
Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure
Dimensionless
A set of guidelines predicting how much covalent character an ionic bond will have.
Faraday Constant
Electrochemistry & Redox
C/mol
The electric charge carried by one mole of electrons.
F = 96,485 C/mol
Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis
Electrochemistry & Redox
g
The mass of a substance liberated at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed.
m = Z I t
Faraday's Second Law of Electrolysis
Electrochemistry & Redox
g
When the same quantity of electricity passes through different electrolytes, the masses deposited are proportional to their chemical equivalent weights.
m₁/m₂ = E₁/E₂
Fatty Acid
Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry
g/mol
A long-chain carboxylic acid, usually with an even number of carbon atoms.
CH₃(CH₂)ₙCOOH
Fermentation
Stoichiometry & Chemical Reactions
Dimensionless
The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of sugars into simpler products such as ethanol and carbon dioxide.
C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂
Filtration
Foundations of Chemistry
Dimensionless
A separation technique that removes suspended solid particles from a fluid by passing the mixture through a porous medium.
Fingerprint Region
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy
cm⁻¹
The complex lower-frequency part of an infrared spectrum, below about 1500 cm⁻¹, unique to each compound.
400–1500 cm⁻¹
First Law of Thermodynamics
Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics
J
The energy of an isolated system is constant; energy can be converted between forms but never created or destroyed.
ΔU = q + w
First-Order Reaction
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis
s⁻¹
A reaction whose rate is directly proportional to the concentration of a single reactant.
ln[A] = ln[A]₀ − kt
Flame Test
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy
nm
A qualitative test in which a sample is heated in a flame and identified by the characteristic colour emitted.
Flux
Inorganic & Coordination Chemistry
Dimensionless
A substance added during smelting to combine with the gangue and form a fusible slag.
Foam
Solutions & Colligative Properties
nm
A colloidal system in which gas bubbles are dispersed throughout a liquid or solid medium.
Formal Charge
Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure
Dimensionless
The hypothetical charge on an atom in a Lewis structure assuming all bonding electrons are shared equally.
FC = V − L − B/2
Formula Unit
Foundations of Chemistry
Dimensionless
The simplest whole-number ratio of ions represented in the empirical formula of an ionic or network compound.
Fractional Distillation
Foundations of Chemistry
Dimensionless
A distillation carried out through a packed or plated column that repeatedly vaporises and condenses the mixture to separate liquids with close boiling points.
Fragmentation Pattern
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy
Da
The characteristic set of smaller ions produced when a molecular ion breaks apart in a mass spectrometer.
Free Energy and Cell Potential
Electrochemistry & Redox
kJ/mol
The relation linking the Gibbs energy change of a cell reaction to the electromotive force it generates.
ΔG = −nFE
Free Energy and Equilibrium Constant
Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics
kJ/mol
The relation connecting the standard Gibbs energy change of a reaction to its equilibrium constant.
ΔG° = −RT ln K
Free Radical
Organic Chemistry
Dimensionless
A highly reactive species containing an unpaired electron.
R·
Free Radical Chain Mechanism
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis
Dimensionless
A chain mechanism in which the propagating intermediates are species bearing unpaired electrons.
X· + RH → HX + R·
Freezing Point
States of Matter & Gas Laws
°C
The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid, numerically identical to the melting point of the pure substance.
ΔT_f = K_f × m