Foundations of Chemistry
60 terms · page 2 of 3
Extensive Property
A property whose value is directly proportional to the quantity of matter in the sample.
Foundations of ChemistryFiltration
A separation technique that removes suspended solid particles from a fluid by passing the mixture through a porous medium.
Foundations of ChemistryFormula Unit
The simplest whole-number ratio of ions represented in the empirical formula of an ionic or network compound.
Foundations of ChemistryFractional Distillation
A distillation carried out through a packed or plated column that repeatedly vaporises and condenses the mixture to separate liquids with…
Foundations of ChemistryHeterogeneous Mixture
A mixture in which the components remain physically distinct, so composition varies from one region of the sample to another.
Foundations of ChemistryHomogeneous Mixture
A mixture whose composition and properties are uniform throughout, with no visible boundary between the components.
Foundations of ChemistryHydrate
A crystalline compound in which a definite number of water molecules is incorporated into the lattice.
Foundations of ChemistryIntensive Property
A property whose value is independent of the amount of substance present.
Foundations of ChemistryIon
An atom or group of atoms carrying a net electrical charge because its electron count differs from its proton count.
Foundations of ChemistryIUPAC Nomenclature
The systematic naming rules issued by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry that assign each substance one unambiguous name.
Foundations of ChemistryLaw of Conservation of Mass
The principle that the total mass of the substances in a closed system is unchanged by any chemical reaction.
Foundations of ChemistryLaw of Definite Proportions
The principle that a given chemical compound always contains its constituent elements in the same fixed mass ratio.
Foundations of ChemistryLaw of Multiple Proportions
The principle that when two elements form more than one compound, the masses of one element combining with a fixed mass of the other are in…
Foundations of ChemistryMatter
Anything that occupies space and possesses rest mass, existing in the solid, liquid, gas or plasma state.
Foundations of ChemistryMixture
A physical combination of two or more substances that keep their own chemical identities and can be present in any proportion.
Foundations of ChemistryMolar Mass
The mass of one mole of a substance, numerically equal to its relative atomic or molecular mass expressed in grams.
Foundations of ChemistryMolar Volume
The volume occupied by one mole of a substance under stated conditions of temperature and pressure.
Foundations of ChemistryMole
The SI base unit for amount of substance, containing exactly 6.02214076 × 10²³ elementary entities.
Foundations of ChemistryMolecular Formula
The formula stating the actual number of atoms of each element present in one molecule of a compound.
Foundations of ChemistryMolecular Mass
The sum of the relative atomic masses of all atoms shown in a molecular formula.
Foundations of ChemistryMolecule
An electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds, acting as the smallest unit of a covalent substance.
Foundations of ChemistryPercentage Composition
The proportion by mass of each element in a compound, expressed as a percentage of the total mass.
Foundations of ChemistryPhysical Change
A change that alters the form or state of a substance while leaving its chemical composition intact.
Foundations of ChemistryPhysical Property
A characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without altering its chemical identity.