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Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

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Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Secondary Standard

A solution whose concentration has been established by titration against a primary standard.

mol/L
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Sensitivity

The change in an instrument's response for a given change in analyte concentration.

S = dSignal / dConcentration Various
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Specificity

The ability of a method to measure the analyte accurately in the presence of everything else in the sample.

Dimensionless
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Spin–Spin Coupling

The splitting of an NMR signal into multiple lines caused by interaction with neighbouring non-equivalent nuclei.

n + 1 rule Hz
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Standard Deviation

A statistical measure of the spread of a set of repeated measurements about their mean.

s = √(Σ(xᵢ − x̄)² / (n − 1)) Various
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Standardisation

The determination of the exact concentration of a solution by titrating it against a primary standard.

M₁V₁ / n₁ = M₂V₂ / n₂ mol/L
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Stationary Phase

The fixed material in a chromatographic system with which the sample components interact as they pass.

Dimensionless
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Systematic Error

An error that shifts every result in the same direction by a similar amount.

Various
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Thin Layer Chromatography

A chromatographic technique using a thin layer of adsorbent coated on a flat plate.

Dimensionless
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy

A technique that measures the absorption of ultraviolet and visible light by electronic transitions within molecules.

A = log(I₀/I) nm
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

Volumetric Analysis

Quantitative analysis based on measuring the volume of a standard solution needed to react with the analyte.

n = M × V mL
Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy

X-ray Crystallography

A technique that determines the three-dimensional atomic structure of a crystal from its X-ray diffraction pattern.

nλ = 2d sin θ pm