Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics
5 terms
Calorimetry
Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics
J
The experimental science and practice of measuring heat energy changes during chemical or physical transformations.
Q_lost = Q_gained ⇒ m1 c1 (T1 - T_f) = m2 c2 (T_f - T2)
Carnot Cycle
Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics
Dimensionless (%)
An ideal reversible thermodynamic cycle operating between two thermal reservoirs, establishing maximum theoretical efficiency for heat engines.
η_Carnot = 1 - (T_cold / T_hot)
Charles's Law
Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics
m³/K
An ideal gas law stating that gas volume is directly proportional to absolute thermodynamic temperature at constant pressure.
V1 / T1 = V2 / T2 (at constant P)
Chemical Potential
Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics
J/particle (or J/mol)
The change in system free energy per added particle at constant temperature and pressure.
μ = (∂G / ∂N)_{T,P} = (∂U / ∂N)_{S,V}
Critical Point
Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics
Pa, K
The endpoint of a phase equilibrium curve in a P-T phase diagram where coexisting liquid and vapor phases become indistinguishable.
(∂P/∂V)_T = 0, (∂²P/∂V²)_T = 0