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Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

Kirchhoff's Law

The relation describing how the enthalpy change of a reaction varies with temperature.

Formula / equation ΔH(T₂) = ΔH(T₁) + ΔC_p(T₂ − T₁)
Unit kJ/mol

In depth

Because products and reactants have different heat capacities, warming both sides changes their enthalpies by different amounts and so shifts ΔH. The correction matters whenever tabulated 298 K data must be applied to an industrial process running hundreds of degrees hotter.

Examples in the real world

Adjusting the ammonia synthesis enthalpy from 298 K to the 700 K of a real Haber reactor.