Home Wikituition Browse all terms Categories
Random term

Results for “pH”

291 terms · page 8 of 13


A–Z
All A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Filtering by: pH Clear all
Organic Chemistry

Markovnikov's Rule

In the addition of a protic acid to an unsymmetrical alkene, the hydrogen attaches to the carbon already bearing more hydrogens.

Dimensionless
Solutions & Colligative Properties

Mole Fraction

The ratio of the moles of one component to the total moles of all components in a mixture.

x_A = n_A / n_total Dimensionless
Stoichiometry & Chemical Reactions

Molecular Equation

A chemical equation in which all reactants and products are written as complete, undissociated formulae.

AgNO₃(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO₃(aq) Dimensionless
Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry

Monosaccharide

The simplest carbohydrate, which cannot be hydrolysed into smaller sugar units.

(CH₂O)ₙ Dimensionless
Electrochemistry & Redox

Nernst Equation

The equation relating a cell's potential to the concentrations of the species involved.

E = E° − (RT/nF) ln Q V
Acids, Bases & Salts

Neutral Solution

A solution in which the concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions are exactly equal.

[H⁺] = [OH⁻] = √Kw mol/L
Atomic Structure & Periodicity

Node

A region within an orbital where the probability of finding an electron falls to zero.

total nodes = n − 1 Dimensionless
Nuclear & Radiochemistry

Nuclear Cross Section

A measure of the probability that a particular nuclear reaction will occur between a nucleus and an incident particle.

σ, measured in barns barn
Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry

Nucleic Acid

A biopolymer of nucleotides that stores and transmits genetic information.

Dimensionless
Nuclear & Radiochemistry

Nuclide

A distinct species of atom characterised by a specific number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.

ᴬ_Z X Dimensionless
Organic Chemistry

Optical Isomerism

Stereoisomerism in which molecules are non-superimposable mirror images and rotate plane-polarised light in opposite directions.

degrees
States of Matter & Gas Laws

Packing Efficiency

The percentage of the total volume of a unit cell that is actually occupied by the constituent particles.

(volume of atoms / cell volume) × 100 Dimensionless
Solutions & Colligative Properties

Parts per Million

A concentration unit expressing one part of solute per million parts of solution by mass or volume.

ppm = (m_solute / m_solution) × 10⁶ ppm
Nuclear & Radiochemistry

Penetrating Power

The depth to which a given type of radiation can travel into a material before being absorbed.

mm
Stoichiometry & Chemical Reactions

Percentage Purity

The proportion of a sample that consists of the desired compound, expressed as a percentage of the total mass.

% purity = (mass pure / mass sample) × 100 Dimensionless
Stoichiometry & Chemical Reactions

Percentage Yield

The actual yield expressed as a percentage of the theoretical yield.

% yield = (actual / theoretical) × 100 Dimensionless
Acids, Bases & Salts

pKa

The negative logarithm of the acid dissociation constant, giving a convenient scale of acid strength.

pKa = −log Ka Dimensionless
Acids, Bases & Salts

pOH

The negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration.

pOH = −log[OH⁻]; pH + pOH = 14 Dimensionless
Nuclear & Radiochemistry

Positron Emission

Radioactive decay in which a proton converts into a neutron, emitting a positron and a neutrino.

p → n + e⁺ + ν MeV
Chemical Equilibrium

Pressure Equilibrium Constant

The equilibrium constant for a gaseous reaction expressed in terms of partial pressures.

Kp = p_C^c p_D^d / p_A^a p_B^b Various
Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry

Primary Structure

The linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Dimensionless
Inorganic & Coordination Chemistry

Primary Valence

In Werner's theory, the ionisable valence of a metal, equal to its oxidation state and satisfied by negative ions.

Dimensionless
Acids, Bases & Salts

Proton Affinity

The energy released when a gaseous species accepts a proton, measuring intrinsic basicity free of solvent effects.

B(g) + H⁺(g) → BH⁺(g) kJ/mol
Foundations of Chemistry

Purity

The mass fraction of the desired substance in a sample, usually expressed as a percentage of the total mass.

purity % = (mass of pure substance / total mass) × 100 Dimensionless