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960 terms · page 40 of 40
Van der Waals Equation
A modified equation of state that corrects the ideal gas law for molecular volume and intermolecular attraction.
Chemical Bonding & Molecular StructureVan der Waals Forces
The collective name for the weak attractive forces between molecules arising from dipole interactions.
Chemical EquilibriumVan't Hoff Equation
The equation describing how an equilibrium constant varies with temperature.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesVan't Hoff Factor
The ratio of the actual number of particles produced in solution to the number of formula units dissolved.
States of Matter & Gas LawsVapour Pressure
The pressure exerted by a vapour in dynamic equilibrium with its liquid or solid at a given temperature.
Chemical EquilibriumVapour–Liquid Equilibrium
The equilibrium between a liquid and its vapour in a closed container at a given temperature.
States of Matter & Gas LawsViscosity
A liquid's resistance to flow, arising from internal friction between adjacent layers of molecules.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryVitamin
An organic compound required in small amounts that an organism cannot synthesise for itself.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesVolume Percentage
The volume of a liquid solute expressed as a percentage of the total volume of solution.
Analytical Chemistry & SpectroscopyVolumetric Analysis
Quantitative analysis based on measuring the volume of a standard solution needed to react with the analyte.
Chemical Bonding & Molecular StructureVSEPR Theory
The model that predicts molecular shape by arranging valence electron pairs around a central atom so their mutual repulsion is minimised.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryVulcanisation
The treatment of natural rubber with sulfur to form cross-links that greatly improve its properties.
Foundations of ChemistryWater of Crystallisation
Water molecules chemically bound within the crystal lattice of a hydrated salt in a fixed stoichiometric ratio.
Acids, Bases & SaltsWeak Acid
An acid that ionises only partially in aqueous solution, establishing an equilibrium with its conjugate base.
Acids, Bases & SaltsWeak Base
A base that accepts protons only partially in aqueous solution, establishing an equilibrium.
Inorganic & Coordination ChemistryWeak Field Ligand
A ligand that produces only a small crystal field splitting, so electrons occupy upper orbitals rather than pairing.
Inorganic & Coordination ChemistryWerner's Theory
The 1893 theory proposing that metals exhibit two types of valence and that ligands occupy fixed positions in space around the metal.
Thermochemistry & ThermodynamicsWork
Energy transferred when a force moves through a distance, most often in chemistry as a gas expanding against external pressure.
Analytical Chemistry & SpectroscopyX-ray Crystallography
A technique that determines the three-dimensional atomic structure of a crystal from its X-ray diffraction pattern.
Organic ChemistryZaitsev's Rule
In an elimination reaction, the major product is usually the more highly substituted and therefore more stable alkene.
Chemical Kinetics & CatalysisZero-Order Reaction
A reaction whose rate is independent of the concentration of the reactant.
Thermochemistry & ThermodynamicsZeroth Law of Thermodynamics
If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
Inorganic & Coordination ChemistryZone Refining
An ultra-purification technique in which a narrow molten zone is passed repeatedly along a solid rod.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistryZwitterion
A molecule carrying both a positive and a negative charge but no net overall charge.