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960 terms · page 37 of 40
Steady-State Approximation
The assumption that the concentration of a reactive intermediate stays essentially constant because it is consumed as fast as it is formed.
Chemical EquilibriumStepwise Formation Constant
The equilibrium constant for the addition of one further ligand to a partially formed complex.
Acids, Bases & SaltsStepwise Ionisation
The successive loss of protons from a polyprotic acid, each governed by its own equilibrium constant.
Organic ChemistryStereoisomerism
Isomerism in which molecules have identical connectivity but differ in the spatial arrangement of their atoms.
Chemical Kinetics & CatalysisSteric Factor
The fraction of sufficiently energetic collisions that also have the correct spatial orientation for reaction.
Biochemistry & Polymer ChemistrySteroid
A lipid built on a characteristic framework of three six-membered rings fused to one five-membered ring.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesStock Solution
A concentrated solution prepared in advance and stored for later dilution to working strength.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsStoichiometric Coefficient
The number written before a formula in a balanced equation, giving the relative amount of that substance consumed or produced.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsStoichiometric Mixture
A mixture of reactants present in exactly the proportions required by the balanced equation, with no reactant in excess.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsStoichiometry
The quantitative study of the mass and mole relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
Acids, Bases & SaltsStrong Acid
An acid that ionises essentially completely in aqueous solution.
Acids, Bases & SaltsStrong Base
A base that dissociates or ionises completely in aqueous solution to give hydroxide ions.
Inorganic & Coordination ChemistryStrong Field Ligand
A ligand that produces a large crystal field splitting, favouring electron pairing over occupation of upper orbitals.
Nuclear & RadiochemistryStrong Nuclear Force
The short-range attractive force that binds protons and neutrons together within the nucleus.
Foundations of ChemistryStructural Formula
A representation showing how the atoms in a molecule are connected and, often, how they are arranged in space.
Organic ChemistryStructural Isomerism
Isomerism in which the compounds differ in the order in which their atoms are connected.
States of Matter & Gas LawsSublimation
The direct conversion of a solid into a vapour without passing through the liquid state.
Stoichiometry & Chemical ReactionsSubstitution Reaction
A reaction in which one atom or group in a molecule is replaced by another.
Atomic Structure & PeriodicitySuccessive Ionisation Energies
The series of energies required to remove electrons one after another from the same atom.
Acids, Bases & SaltsSuperacid
An acid stronger than pure sulfuric acid, capable of protonating species normally regarded as completely non-basic.
States of Matter & Gas LawsSupercritical Fluid
A substance held above both its critical temperature and critical pressure, where liquid and gas phases are indistinguishable.
Solutions & Colligative PropertiesSupersaturated Solution
An unstable solution containing more dissolved solute than the equilibrium solubility at that temperature.
States of Matter & Gas LawsSurface Tension
The energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by unit amount, arising from unbalanced intermolecular forces at the surface.
Thermochemistry & ThermodynamicsSurroundings
Everything outside the chosen system with which it can exchange energy or matter.