Chemistry terms starting with M

Miscibility Solutions & Colligative Properties Dimensionless The ability of two liquids to mix in all proportions to form a single homogeneous phase.

Mixture Foundations of Chemistry Dimensionless A physical combination of two or more substances that keep their own chemical identities and can be present in any proportion.

Mobile Phase Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy mL/min The fluid that carries the sample through the stationary phase during chromatography.

Moderator Nuclear & Radiochemistry Dimensionless A material used in a reactor to slow fast neutrons to energies at which fission is far more probable.

Molality Solutions & Colligative Properties mol/kg The concentration of a solution expressed as moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. m = n / mass of solvent (kg)

Molar Absorptivity Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy L/(mol·cm) The absorbance of a one molar solution measured over a one centimetre path length. ε = A / (c l)

Molar Conductivity Electrochemistry & Redox S·cm²/mol The conductivity of a solution divided by the molar concentration of the electrolyte. Λm = κ / c

Molar Heat Capacity Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics J/(mol·K) The heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of a substance by one kelvin. C_m = q / (nΔT)

Molar Mass Foundations of Chemistry g/mol The mass of one mole of a substance, numerically equal to its relative atomic or molecular mass expressed in grams. M = m / n

Molar Volume Foundations of Chemistry L/mol The volume occupied by one mole of a substance under stated conditions of temperature and pressure. V_m = V / n = RT / p

Molarity Solutions & Colligative Properties M (mol/L) The concentration of a solution expressed as moles of solute per litre of solution. M = n / V

Mole Foundations of Chemistry mol The SI base unit for amount of substance, containing exactly 6.02214076 × 10²³ elementary entities. n = m / M

Mole Fraction Solutions & Colligative Properties Dimensionless The ratio of the moles of one component to the total moles of all components in a mixture. x_A = n_A / n_total

Mole Fraction Equilibrium Constant Chemical Equilibrium Dimensionless The equilibrium constant written in terms of the mole fractions of the reacting gases. Kx = Kp × p^(−Δn)

Mole Ratio Stoichiometry & Chemical Reactions Dimensionless The proportion between the amounts of any two substances in a reaction, taken directly from the balanced equation's coefficients. n_A : n_B = a : b

Molecular Equation Stoichiometry & Chemical Reactions Dimensionless A chemical equation in which all reactants and products are written as complete, undissociated formulae. AgNO₃(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO₃(aq)

Molecular Formula Foundations of Chemistry Dimensionless The formula stating the actual number of atoms of each element present in one molecule of a compound. molecular formula = n × empirical formula

Molecular Geometry Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure degrees The three-dimensional arrangement of the bonded atoms in a molecule, ignoring the positions of lone pairs.

Molecular Ion Peak Analytical Chemistry & Spectroscopy Da The peak in a mass spectrum corresponding to the intact molecule after loss of a single electron. M⁺·

Molecular Mass Foundations of Chemistry Dimensionless The sum of the relative atomic masses of all atoms shown in a molecular formula. M_r = Σ A_r (all atoms)

Molecular Orbital Theory Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure Dimensionless The bonding model in which atomic orbitals combine to form molecular orbitals delocalised over the entire molecule. ψ_MO = c₁ψ_A ± c₂ψ_B

Molecularity Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis Dimensionless The number of reacting species that collide simultaneously in a single elementary step.

Molecule Foundations of Chemistry Dimensionless An electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds, acting as the smallest unit of a covalent substance.

Monodentate Ligand Inorganic & Coordination Chemistry Dimensionless A ligand that binds to the central metal through a single donor atom.

Terms starting with M