Least Squares Method
A statistical technique used to determine the line or curve of best fit through experimental data points by minimizing the sum of squared residual deviations.
Governing formula
Minimizing S = ∑ (y_i - (m x_i + c))²
SI unit
Dimensionless
In depth
Linear regression using least squares calculates optimal slope (m) and intercept (c) for experimental plots, providing objective best-fit parameters and statistical standard errors for physical laws.
Examples in the real world
Determining spring constant k from a plot of stretching force F vs extension x in Hooke's law experiments.