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842 terms · page 28 of 36
Range
The total horizontal distance traveled by a projectile from launch to landing at the same vertical height.
OpticsRayleigh Criterion
The condition for two point sources to be barely resolved by an optical instrument, stating that the central diffraction maximum of one…
OpticsRayleigh Scattering
The elastic scattering of light or electromagnetic radiation by particles much smaller than the light's wavelength.
Electromagnetism & ElectronicsRC Circuit & Time Constant
An electrical circuit composed of resistors and capacitors driven by a voltage source, characterized by its exponential charging and…
OpticsReal Image
An optical image formed by actual convergence of light rays, which can be projected onto a physical screen.
Condensed Matter & Materials PhysicsReciprocal Lattice
The Fourier transform space of a real-space crystal lattice, where every point corresponds to a set of parallel lattice planes in the real…
Astrophysics, Cosmology & RelativityRed Giant
A large, luminous star in a late evolutionary stage that has exhausted core hydrogen fuel and expanded its outer envelope.
OpticsReflection
The bouncing back of a light ray or wave when it strikes a boundary surface between two different media without entering the second medium.
OpticsRefraction
The bending of a light ray as it passes obliquely from one transparent medium into another with a different refractive index.
Thermodynamics & Statistical PhysicsRefrigerator / Heat Pump
A thermodynamic device operating in reverse that consumes mechanical work to extract heat from a cold region and reject it into a warmer…
Biophysics & Medical PhysicsRelative Biological Effectiveness (RBE)
The ratio of absorbed dose of a reference 250 kVp X-ray beam to the absorbed dose of a test radiation type required to produce an identical…
Geophysics & Environmental PhysicsRelative Humidity
The ratio of the actual vapor pressure of water in an air parcel to the saturation vapor pressure at the same temperature, expressed as a…
Astrophysics, Cosmology & RelativityRelativistic Kinetic Energy
The work required to accelerate a massive particle from rest to a relativistic velocity v.
Astrophysics, Cosmology & RelativityRelativistic Momentum
The linear momentum of an object moving at relativistic speeds, scaled by the Lorentz factor γ.
Plasma PhysicsRelativistic Plasma
A high-energy density plasma where thermal electron energies approach or exceed rest mass energy (511 keV), requiring relativistic plasma…
Astrophysics, Cosmology & RelativityRelativistic Time Dilation
The phenomenon where time passes slower for a clock in relative motion compared to a stationary observer's reference clock.
Geophysics & Environmental PhysicsRemote Sensing in Geophysics
The acquisition of geophysical information about Earth's surface and atmosphere from a distance using satellite or airborne sensors.
Nuclear & Particle PhysicsRenormalization
A mathematical technique in quantum field theory used to handle divergent infinite loop integrals by re-expressing parameters in terms of…
Foundations of PhysicsReproducibility
The requirement that an experimental finding can be independently duplicated by other researchers using the same procedures.
OpticsResolving Power
The ability of an optical instrument or grating to separate and distinguish two closely spaced point objects or adjacent spectral…
Waves, Oscillations & AcousticsResonance
The phenomenon where an oscillating system driven at its natural frequency absorbs maximum energy, resulting in large-amplitude vibrations.
Classical MechanicsRestoring Force
A force that acts to bring a body back toward its stable equilibrium position whenever it is displaced.
Foundations of PhysicsResultant Vector
The single combined vector that produces the exact same net physical effect as two or more individual vectors acting simultaneously.
Waves, Oscillations & AcousticsReverberation
The persistence of sound in an enclosed space caused by multiple continuous reflections from room boundaries after the original source…