Condensed Matter & Materials Physics
6 terms
P-type Semiconductor
Condensed Matter & Materials Physics
cm⁻³ (Hole Concentration)
An extrinsic semiconductor in which trivalent acceptor impurities create an excess concentration of positive holes as majority charge carriers.
p ≈ N_A ≫ n, n p = n_i²
Peltier Effect
Condensed Matter & Materials Physics
W (Cooling / Heating Rate)
The absorption or emission of heat at the junction of two dissimilar electrical conductors when an electric current flows across it.
Q_rate = Π_AB I = (S_A - S_B) T I
Phonon
Condensed Matter & Materials Physics
eV or J (Phonon Energy)
A quantized collective vibrational wave excitation traveling through the periodic atomic or molecular lattice of a solid.
E = (n + ½) ℏ ω, p_crystal = ℏ q
Piezoelectric Effect
Condensed Matter & Materials Physics
C/N or m/V (Piezoelectric Coefficient d)
The generation of electric polarization charge in non-centrosymmetric crystals when subjected to mechanical stress (and vice versa).
Direct: P_i = d_ijk σ_jk; Reverse: ε_jk = d_ijk E_i
Poisson's Ratio
Condensed Matter & Materials Physics
Dimensionless Ratio (-1 to 0.5)
The ratio of transverse lateral strain to axial longitudinal strain in a material subjected to uniaxial stress.
ν = -ε_transverse / ε_axial = -(Δd / d₀) / (ΔL / L₀)
Polaron
Condensed Matter & Materials Physics
Quasiparticle Mass
A composite quasiparticle consisting of a conduction electron (or hole) bound together with its surrounding self-induced lattice polarization distortion cloud in an ionic crystal.
m*_polaron = m* (1 + α_coupling / 6)