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Nuclear & Radiochemistry

Transmutation

The conversion of one element into another through a change in the number of protons in the nucleus.

¹⁴N + ⁴He → ¹⁷O + ¹H Dimensionless
Electrochemistry & Redox

Transport Number

The fraction of the total current carried by a particular ion in an electrolyte solution.

t₊ = λ₊ / (λ₊ + λ₋) Dimensionless
Nuclear & Radiochemistry

Transuranium Elements

The synthetic elements with atomic numbers greater than 92, beyond uranium in the periodic table.

Z > 92 Dimensionless
Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry

Triglyceride

An ester formed from glycerol and three fatty acid molecules, the main constituent of fats and oils.

glycerol + 3 RCOOH Dimensionless
Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure

Trigonal Bipyramidal Geometry

A shape with five bonded atoms occupying three equatorial and two axial positions around a central atom.

AX₅ degrees
Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure

Trigonal Planar Geometry

A flat molecular shape with three bonded atoms arranged around a central atom at 120°.

AX₃ degrees
States of Matter & Gas Laws

Triple Point

The unique temperature and pressure at which the solid, liquid and vapour phases of a substance coexist in equilibrium.

K, Pa
Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

Trouton's Rule

The empirical observation that the entropy of vaporisation of many liquids is close to 88 J/(mol·K) at their boiling point.

ΔS_vap = ΔH_vap / T_b ≈ 88 J/(mol·K)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis

Turnover Number

The number of substrate molecules converted per catalytic site per unit time.

TON = molecules converted / active sites s⁻¹
Solutions & Colligative Properties

Tyndall Effect

The scattering of a light beam by colloidal particles, making the beam's path visible through the medium.

Dimensionless