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Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis

Average Rate

The overall change in concentration divided by the total time interval over which it occurred.

rate_avg = Δ[A] / Δt mol/(L·s)
States of Matter & Gas Laws

Avogadro's Law

Equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules.

V ∝ n L/mol
Foundations of Chemistry

Avogadro's Number

The number of elementary entities in one mole of substance, fixed by definition at 6.02214076 × 10²³ mol⁻¹.

N = n × N_A mol⁻¹
Solutions & Colligative Properties

Azeotrope

A liquid mixture that boils at constant temperature and distils without any change in composition.

°C
Atomic Structure & Periodicity

Azimuthal Quantum Number

The quantum number l that determines the shape of an orbital and the magnitude of the electron's orbital angular momentum.

l = 0 to (n − 1) Dimensionless