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Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

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Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

Calorific Value

The heat released by the complete combustion of unit mass of a fuel.

CV = ΔH_c / molar mass kJ/g
Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

Calorimetry

The experimental measurement of heat exchanged during a physical or chemical change.

q = mcΔT J
Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

Carnot Cycle

An idealised reversible cycle of two isothermal and two adiabatic steps that defines the maximum efficiency of a heat engine.

η = 1 − T_cold / T_hot Dimensionless
Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

Closed System

A system that can exchange energy but not matter with its surroundings.

Dimensionless
Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

Coupled Reactions

Two reactions linked through a shared intermediate so that a favourable one drives an unfavourable one.

ΔG_total = ΔG₁ + ΔG₂ < 0 kJ/mol
Thermochemistry & Thermodynamics

Cyclic Process

A process in which a system undergoes a series of changes and returns to its exact initial state.

ΔU = 0, q = −w J