States of Matter & Gas Laws
60 terms · page 1 of 3
Absolute Zero
The lowest possible temperature, at which particles retain only their irreducible quantum zero-point motion.
States of Matter & Gas LawsAmorphous Solid
A solid whose particles lack long-range order, showing only the short-range regularity characteristic of a frozen liquid.
States of Matter & Gas LawsAnisotropy
The dependence of a physical property on the direction in which it is measured.
States of Matter & Gas LawsAverage Kinetic Energy
The mean translational kinetic energy of the particles in a sample, dependent only on absolute temperature.
States of Matter & Gas LawsAvogadro's Law
Equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules.
States of Matter & Gas LawsBody-Centred Cubic
A cubic arrangement with particles at the eight corners plus one at the centre of the cell.
States of Matter & Gas LawsBoiling Point
The temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid equals the external pressure acting on it.
States of Matter & Gas LawsBoyle's Law
At constant temperature, the volume of a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure.
States of Matter & Gas LawsCapillary Action
The spontaneous rise or fall of a liquid in a narrow tube, driven by the balance between adhesion and cohesion.
States of Matter & Gas LawsCharles's Law
At constant pressure, the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
States of Matter & Gas LawsCombined Gas Law
The relation linking pressure, volume and temperature for a fixed amount of gas undergoing a change of state.
States of Matter & Gas LawsCompressibility Factor
The ratio of the actual molar volume of a gas to that predicted by the ideal gas law.
States of Matter & Gas LawsCondensation
The change of a substance from the gaseous to the liquid state, accompanied by the release of latent heat.
States of Matter & Gas LawsCritical Point
The unique combination of temperature and pressure at which the liquid and gas phases of a substance become indistinguishable.
States of Matter & Gas LawsCritical Temperature
The temperature above which a gas cannot be liquefied by pressure alone, however great.
States of Matter & Gas LawsCrystal Defect
Any irregularity that interrupts the perfectly ordered arrangement of particles in a crystal.
States of Matter & Gas LawsCrystalline Solid
A solid in which the constituent particles are arranged in a regular, repeating three-dimensional pattern extending over long distances.
States of Matter & Gas LawsDalton's Law of Partial Pressures
The total pressure of a gas mixture equals the sum of the pressures each component would exert alone in the same volume.
States of Matter & Gas LawsDeposition
The direct conversion of a vapour into a solid without an intermediate liquid phase.
States of Matter & Gas LawsDiffusion
The spontaneous spreading of one substance through another as a result of random molecular motion.
States of Matter & Gas LawsEffusion
The escape of gas molecules one at a time through a hole much smaller than the mean free path.
States of Matter & Gas LawsEvaporation
The escape of molecules from the surface of a liquid into the vapour phase below the boiling point.
States of Matter & Gas LawsFace-Centred Cubic
A cubic arrangement with particles at the eight corners and at the centre of each of the six faces.
States of Matter & Gas LawsFreezing Point
The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid, numerically identical to the melting point of the pure substance.