Foundations of Chemistry
8 terms
Accuracy
Foundations of Chemistry
Dimensionless
The closeness of a measured value to the true or accepted value of the quantity being measured.
% error = |measured − true| / true × 100
Allotropy
Foundations of Chemistry
Dimensionless
The existence of an element in two or more distinct structural forms within the same physical state.
Anhydrous
Foundations of Chemistry
Dimensionless
Describing a substance from which all water, including water of crystallisation, has been removed.
Anion
Foundations of Chemistry
C (charge)
A negatively charged ion produced when an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons.
X + n e⁻ → Xⁿ⁻
Atom
Foundations of Chemistry
Dimensionless
The smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical identity of that element.
Atomic Mass Unit
Foundations of Chemistry
u (Da)
A mass unit defined as exactly one twelfth the mass of a free, unbound carbon-12 atom in its ground state.
1 u = 1.66053907 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
Atomicity
Foundations of Chemistry
Dimensionless
The number of atoms present in one molecule of an element.
Avogadro's Number
Foundations of Chemistry
mol⁻¹
The number of elementary entities in one mole of substance, fixed by definition at 6.02214076 × 10²³ mol⁻¹.
N = n × N_A