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Chemical Equilibrium

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Chemical Equilibrium

Activity

The effective concentration of a species, corrected for non-ideal interactions with its surroundings.

a = γ c / c° Dimensionless
Chemical Equilibrium

Activity Coefficient

The factor by which a species' concentration must be multiplied to give its thermodynamic activity.

γ = a / c Dimensionless
Chemical Equilibrium

Approach to Equilibrium

The time-dependent process by which a reacting system moves towards its equilibrium composition.

s
Chemical Equilibrium

Association Constant

The equilibrium constant for the combination of two species into a single associated entity, the reciprocal of the dissociation constant.

Ka = 1 / Kd L/mol