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Derivatives, Futures & Options

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Derivatives, Futures & Options

Backwardation

A condition in which futures prices are below the spot price, and later expiries are priced below nearer ones.

Test: Futures Price < Spot Price, with successively distant contracts priced progressively lower qualitative
Derivatives, Futures & Options

Basis

The difference between a futures price and the spot price of its underlying.

Basis = Futures Price - Spot Price index points
Derivatives, Futures & Options

Bear Put Spread

Buying a put at one strike and writing a put at a lower strike with the same expiry, capping both cost and gain.

Net Debit = Higher Strike Premium - Lower Strike Premium; Maximum Gain = (Strike Difference - Net Debit) x Lot Size
Derivatives, Futures & Options

Black-Scholes Model

A mathematical model that prices European options from the spot price, strike, time to expiry, interest rate and volatility.

Inputs: Spot, Strike, Time to Expiry, Risk-Free Rate, Volatility; output: the theoretical option price
Derivatives, Futures & Options

Bull Call Spread

Buying a call at one strike and writing a call at a higher strike with the same expiry, capping both cost and gain.

Net Debit = Lower Strike Premium - Higher Strike Premium; Maximum Gain = (Strike Difference - Net Debit) x Lot Size
Derivatives, Futures & Options

Butterfly Spread

A three-strike position buying one option at each outer strike and writing two at the middle strike.

Net Debit = Lower Premium + Upper Premium - 2 x Middle Premium; Maximum Gain = (Strike Interval - Net Debit) x Lot Size