Medical Ultrasound
A non-invasive diagnostic imaging modality using high-frequency acoustic waves (2–15 MHz) to image soft tissue reflection interfaces.
Governing formula
R = ((Z₂ - Z₁) / (Z₂ + Z₁))², Z = ρ c (Acoustic Impedance)
SI unit
MHz (Frequency 2–15 MHz) & MRayl (Acoustic Impedance)
In depth
Piezoelectric transducers transmit ultrasound pulses into tissue. Reflection amplitude depends on acoustic impedance mismatch Z = ρc between tissue boundaries. Doppler ultrasound measures blood flow velocity via frequency shifts.
Examples in the real world
Obstetric fetal development scans and Echocardiography evaluating heart valve motion.