Magnetohydrodynamics
The fluid framework describing the macroscopic dynamics and magnetic field interactions of electrically conducting fluids and magnetized plasmas.
Governing formula
∂B / ∂t = ∇ × (v × B) + η ∇²B, ρ (dv/dt) = -∇p + J × B + ρ g
SI unit
MHD Equations Framework
In depth
MHD couples fluid mechanics (Navier-Stokes) with Maxwell's electrodynamic equations. Highly conductive plasmas satisfy Alfvén's frozen-in flux theorem, where magnetic field lines move synchronously with fluid velocity.
Examples in the real world
Modeling solar flare eruptions, coronal mass ejections, and geomagnetic field generation in Earth's liquid core.