Bioluminescence
The enzymatic production and emission of light by living organisms through chemical reactions converting ATP into photon energy.
Governing formula
Luciferin + O₂ + ATP → Oxyluciferin + AMP + PPi + h ν (Light)
SI unit
Photons/s (Bioluminescent Flux)
In depth
Catalyzed by luciferase enzymes oxidizing luciferin substrates. Converts chemical bond energy directly into cold visible light with up to 90% quantum efficiency without producing thermal heat.
Examples in the real world
Fireflies emitting yellow-green light pulses and deep-sea anglerfish attracting prey using bioluminescent lures.