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842 terms · page 2 of 36
Ampere
The SI base unit of electric current, defined by fixing the elementary charge to e = 1.602176634 × 10⁻¹⁹ C.
Electromagnetism & ElectronicsAmpere's Circuital Law
Maxwell's fourth equation (in magnetostatics) relating the integrated magnetic field around a closed Amperian loop to net electric current…
Classical MechanicsAmplitude
The maximum magnitude of displacement from the equilibrium position in an oscillating or wave system.
OpticsAngle of Deviation
The angle between the direction of an incident light ray entering an optical element (like a prism) and its emerging direction.
Classical MechanicsAngular Acceleration
The rate of change of angular velocity with respect to time.
Classical MechanicsAngular Displacement
The angle through which a point or line rotates about a specified axis in a specified direction.
Waves, Oscillations & AcousticsAngular Frequency
A scalar measure of rotation or oscillation rate expressed in radians per unit time.
Classical MechanicsAngular Momentum
The rotational analog of linear momentum, defined as the product of moment of inertia and angular velocity.
Classical MechanicsAngular Velocity
The vector rate of change of angular displacement with respect to time.
Condensed Matter & Materials PhysicsAnnealing
A heat treatment process where a metal or glass is heated above its recrystallization temperature, held, and cooled slowly to relieve…
Nuclear & Particle PhysicsAntimatter
Subatomic material composed of antiparticles that share identical mass, spin, and lifetime as normal matter particles but possess opposite…
Classical MechanicsApparent Weight
The effective weight of a body, equal to the normal contact force supporting it in an accelerating frame.
Classical MechanicsArchimedes' Principle
The principle stating that any object fully or partially submerged in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of…
Geophysics & Environmental PhysicsAsthenosphere
The ductile, mechanically weak, deformable upper mantle layer located directly beneath the rigid lithosphere.
OpticsAstigmatism
A visual defect caused by non-spherical, asymmetric curvature of the cornea or lens, preventing rays in different planes from focusing at a…
OpticsAstronomical Telescope
A refracting optical instrument consisting of a long-focal-length objective lens and short-focal-length eyepiece used to observe distant…
Astrophysics, Cosmology & RelativityAstronomical Unit (AU)
An astronomical unit of length defined as exactly 149,597,870,700 meters, representing the mean distance from Earth to the Sun.
Geophysics & Environmental PhysicsAtmospheric Aerosols
Microscopic solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in the atmosphere originating from natural or human sources.
Nuclear & Particle PhysicsAtomic Nucleus
The extremely dense, positively charged central core of an atom containing virtually all of its mass, composed of protons and neutrons…
Quantum & Atomic PhysicsAtomic Orbital
A mathematical function describing the three-dimensional spatial wave function and probability distribution of an electron in an atom.
OpticsAttenuation
The loss of optical power or signal strength as light propagates through a medium or optical fiber.
Biophysics & Medical PhysicsAudiometry
The clinical evaluation and quantitative measurement of human hearing sensitivity across pure tone sound frequencies.
Quantum & Atomic PhysicsAufbau Principle
A rule governing electron configuration stating that electrons fill atomic orbitals of lower energy levels before occupying higher energy…
Quantum & Atomic PhysicsAuger Effect
A non-radiative atomic process in which the filling of an inner-shell electron vacancy causes the ejection of a second outer-shell (Auger)…