Quantum & Atomic Physics

The spectral series of hydrogen atom emission lines resulting from electron transitions dropping from higher levels (n_i ≥ 3) to the n=2…

1 / λ = R_H (1 / 2² - 1 / n_i²), n_i = 3, 4, 5... Visible Light Wavelengths (nm)

A mathematical theorem proving that no physical theory incorporating local hidden variables can reproduce all predictions of quantum…

|E(a, b) - E(a, b')| + |E(a', b) + E(a', b')| ≤ 2 Dimensionless Inequality

Quantum & Atomic Physics

An early semi-classical atomic model proposing that electrons orbit the atomic nucleus only in discrete stationary orbits with quantized…

L = m v r = n ℏ, E_n = -13.6 eV / n² eV (Energy), m (Orbit Radius)

Quantum & Atomic Physics

A state of matter formed by bosons cooled close to absolute zero, where a macroscopic fraction of particles collapse into the lowest…

T_c = (2 π ℏ² / (m k_B)) (n / ζ(3/2))^(2/3) nK (Nanokelvin Temperatures)

Quantum & Atomic Physics

Subatomic particles possessing integer intrinsic spin that obey Bose-Einstein statistics and do not obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle.

Spin = 0, 1, 2... Dimensionless Particle Class

Quantum & Atomic Physics

The mathematical condition for constructive interference of waves scattered from parallel atomic lattice planes in a crystal.

n λ = 2 d sin θ m or nm (Wavelength and Spacing)