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Results for “Aperture”

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Exposure & Metering

Third Stop

A one-third-stop increment, the fine adjustment step most digital cameras use for aperture, shutter speed, ISO and exposure compensation.

⅓ stop = ×2^(1/3) ≈ ×1.26 stops (EV)
Focus & Depth of Field

Zone Focusing

Presetting a lens to a distance and aperture whose depth of field covers the range the subject will occupy, then shooting without focusing…

m
Optics, Lenses & Filters

Aspherical Element

A lens element whose surface departs from a simple sphere, correcting aberrations that spherical glass cannot.

count
Exposure & Metering

Auto ISO

A camera mode that lets the body select sensitivity automatically within limits the photographer sets, usually with a minimum shutter speed.

ISO
Optics, Lenses & Filters

Bokeh

The aesthetic character of the out-of-focus areas of an image, as distinct from how much of the image is out of focus.

Optics, Lenses & Filters

Cat's-eye Bokeh

The lens-shaped, off-round rendering of out-of-focus highlights near the frame corners, caused by optical vignetting.

Optics, Lenses & Filters

Catadioptric (Mirror) Lens

A long lens that folds its light path with curved mirrors as well as glass, achieving great focal length in a short, light barrel.

mm
Optics, Lenses & Filters

Coma

An aberration that renders off-axis points of light as asymmetric comet-shaped smears rather than dots.

Cameras, Formats & Systems

Crop Factor

The ratio between a sensor's diagonal and that of full frame, used to convert focal lengths into their full-frame equivalents.

Crop factor = 43.3 mm / sensor diagonal × multiplier
Focus & Depth of Field

Deep Depth of Field

A wide zone of sharpness in which foreground, subject and background all hold detail.

m
Focus & Depth of Field

Depth of Field

The range of distances in front of and behind the plane of focus that appears acceptably sharp in the final image.

DoF ≈ 2u²Nc / f² m
Cameras, Formats & Systems

Equivalent Focal Length

The full-frame focal length that would give the same angle of view as a given lens on a smaller format.

f_equiv = f × crop factor mm
Files, Metadata & Workflow

EXIF

The standard block of technical metadata a camera writes into a file, recording settings and equipment.

Exposure & Metering

Exposure Compensation

A deliberate offset applied to the camera's metered reading, expressed in stops, to make an image brighter or darker than the meter…

Setting = Metered EV − Compensation stops (EV)
Focus & Depth of Field

Eye AF

A refinement of face detection that locates and focuses on the eye itself, and usually lets the photographer choose which one.

Sensors & Digital Capture

Flat Field Correction

Dividing an image by a frame of evenly illuminated field to remove vignetting, dust shadows and photosite sensitivity variation.

Corrected = (light − dark) / (flat − bias)
Focus & Depth of Field

Focus Confirmation

An indicator, usually a dot or the illumination of an AF point, showing that the camera considers focus achieved.

Focus & Depth of Field

Focus Peaking

A display aid that outlines the highest-contrast edges in the live image, marking what is currently in focus.

Motion, Video & Creative Techniques

Freelensing

Detaching a lens from the camera and holding it in front of the mount, tilting it to create selective focus and light leaks.

Genres, Movements & Theory

Group f/64

A short-lived association of West Coast American photographers formed in 1932 to advocate sharp, unmanipulated photography.

Motion, Video & Creative Techniques

Holy Grail Transition

A time-lapse that runs across a large change in light, such as day into night, requiring exposure to change during the sequence.

stops
Cameras, Formats & Systems

Lens Adapter

A ring or unit that lets a lens designed for one mount be fitted to a body with a different one.

mm
Post-Processing & Retouching

Lens Correction Profile

A stored description of a lens's distortion, vignetting and chromatic aberration, applied automatically during processing.

Optics, Lenses & Filters

Lens Flare

Stray light scattered inside a lens by a bright source, appearing as streaks, polygons or a general wash across the image.