Search results for “Covalent Bond”

Covalent Bond Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure kJ/mol A bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons so that both achieve a stable configuration. A· + ·B → A:B

Polar Covalent Bond Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure D A covalent bond in which the shared electrons are unequally distributed because the bonded atoms differ in electronegativity. δ⁺A—Bδ⁻

Bond Polarity Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure Dimensionless The degree of unequal electron sharing in a covalent bond, arising from an electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms. Δχ = |χ_A − χ_B|

Coordinate Bond Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure kJ/mol A covalent bond in which both shared electrons are supplied by the same atom. A: + B → A→B

Cross-Linking Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry Dimensionless The formation of covalent bonds between separate polymer chains.

Electronegativity Atomic Structure & Periodicity Dimensionless The relative tendency of an atom in a covalent bond to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself. ΔEN determines bond polarity

Molecule Foundations of Chemistry Dimensionless An electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds, acting as the smallest unit of a covalent substance.

Nucleophile Organic Chemistry Dimensionless An electron-rich species that donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond. Nu⁻ or Nu:

Pi Bond Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure kJ/mol A covalent bond formed by the sideways overlap of parallel p orbitals, with electron density above and below the internuclear axis.

Polymer Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry g/mol A large molecule built from many repeating structural units joined by covalent bonds. –(A)ₙ–

Sigma Bond Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure kJ/mol A covalent bond formed by the head-on overlap of atomic orbitals, with electron density concentrated along the internuclear axis.

Valence Bond Theory Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure Dimensionless The bonding model in which a covalent bond forms by the overlap of half-filled atomic orbitals on adjacent atoms.

Atomic Orbital Atomic Structure & Periodicity Dimensionless A mathematical function describing the region around a nucleus where an electron of given energy is most likely to be found. |ψ|² = probability density

Atomicity Foundations of Chemistry Dimensionless The number of atoms present in one molecule of an element.

Chalcogens Atomic Structure & Periodicity Dimensionless The group 16 elements — oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium and polonium — collectively known as the ore-forming elements. ns² np⁴

Intermolecular Forces Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure kJ/mol The comparatively weak attractions acting between separate molecules rather than within them.

Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Dimensionless The study of the structure, properties, composition and reactions of carbon-containing compounds.

Thermoplastic Biochemistry & Polymer Chemistry °C A polymer that softens on heating and hardens again on cooling, reversibly and repeatedly.

Water of Crystallisation Foundations of Chemistry mol per mol Water molecules chemically bound within the crystal lattice of a hydrated salt in a fixed stoichiometric ratio.

Chemical Bond Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure kJ/mol The attractive force that holds atoms or ions together in a stable chemical species.

Results for “Covalent Bond”