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Solutions & Colligative Properties

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Solutions & Colligative Properties

Raoult's Law

The partial vapour pressure of each component of an ideal solution equals its mole fraction times its pure vapour pressure.

p_A = x_A p°_A Pa
Solutions & Colligative Properties

Relative Lowering of Vapour Pressure

The fractional reduction in a solvent's vapour pressure caused by dissolving a non-volatile solute.

(p° − p) / p° = x_solute Dimensionless
Solutions & Colligative Properties

Reverse Osmosis

The forced flow of solvent from a concentrated to a dilute solution by applying pressure greater than the osmotic pressure.

p_applied > π atm