Atomic Structure & Periodicity
5 terms
Effective Nuclear Charge
Atomic Structure & Periodicity
Dimensionless
The net positive charge actually experienced by a particular electron after allowing for shielding by other electrons.
Z_eff = Z − σ
Electron
Atomic Structure & Periodicity
u
A negatively charged fundamental particle that occupies orbitals around the nucleus and governs chemical bonding.
m_e = 9.109 × 10⁻³¹ kg
Electron Affinity
Atomic Structure & Periodicity
kJ/mol
The energy change when one mole of gaseous atoms each gains an electron to form gaseous negative ions.
X(g) + e⁻ → X⁻(g)
Electron Configuration
Atomic Structure & Periodicity
Dimensionless
The notation describing how an atom's electrons are distributed among its available orbitals.
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ …
Electronegativity
Atomic Structure & Periodicity
Dimensionless
The relative tendency of an atom in a covalent bond to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself.
ΔEN determines bond polarity