Market Basics & Instruments

An informal label for a very low-priced share, typically of a small company with thin trading and limited disclosure.

Test: low absolute price per share combined with small market capitalisation and low daily turnover qualitative

Holding a position for weeks to months, aiming to capture a sustained trend rather than a single swing.

Test: holding period measured in weeks or months, with the exit governed by trend condition rather than by an intraday level qualitative

Market Basics & Instruments

A share that receives a fixed dividend ahead of equity shares and ranks ahead of them in a winding-up, usually in exchange for giving up…

Annual preference dividend = Face Value x Coupon Rate x Number of Preference Shares ₹

Market Basics & Instruments

The official closing price of the prior trading session, used as the reference point for the current day's change and circuit limits.

Day's Change % = (Current Price - Previous Close) / Previous Close x 100 ₹

Market Basics & Instruments

The market in which securities are created and sold by the issuer for the first time, with the proceeds going to the issuer.

Test: does the money paid by the buyer reach the issuing company or government? If yes, the transaction is primary qualitative