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Economy, Macro & Market Cycles

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Economy, Macro & Market Cycles

Fiscal Deficit

The gap between the government's total expenditure and its total revenue excluding borrowings, in a year.

Fiscal Deficit = Total Expenditure - (Revenue Receipts + Non-Debt Capital Receipts) % Economy, Macro & Market Cycles

Fiscal Policy

The government's use of taxation and spending to influence economic activity.

Fiscal Impulse = Change in the Fiscal Deficit as a percentage of GDP, adjusted for the cycle % Economy, Macro & Market Cycles

Foreign Exchange Reserves

Foreign currency assets, gold and reserve positions held by a central bank to meet external obligations and manage the currency.

Import Cover = Foreign Exchange Reserves / Average Monthly Imports, expressed in months ₹ crore Economy, Macro & Market Cycles

Foreign Institutional Flows

Net purchases or sales of Indian securities by foreign portfolio investors.

Net Flow = Value of Purchases - Value of Sales by foreign portfolio investors over the period ₹ crore