Wave-Particle Duality
The fundamental quantum mechanical principle stating that every subatomic entity exhibits both wave-like and particle-like behavior depending on the experimental measurement.
Governing formula
E = h ν, p = h / λ
SI unit
Dimensionless Concept
In depth
Wave-particle duality resolves classical paradoxes by establishing that light (photons) and matter (electrons) behave as continuous waves during propagation and localized particles during interaction or measurement. De Broglie extended Einstein's photon momentum formula to derive matter wave behavior for all massive particles.
Examples in the real world
Light demonstrating wave interference in Young's double-slit experiment while exhibiting particle localized impact in the photoelectric effect.