Simple Harmonic Motion
Repetitive periodic motion where restoring force is directly proportional to displacement and acts toward the equilibrium position.
Governing formula
x(t) = A cos(ω t + φ), ω = √(k/m)
SI unit
m, rad/s
In depth
SHM produces sinusoidal position, velocity, and acceleration curves over time, with continuous energy exchange between kinetic and potential energy.
Examples in the real world
A mass bouncing on an ideal spring, or a small-angle swinging pendulum.