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Nuclear & Particle Physics

Radioactive Decay

The spontaneous process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting ionizing radiation (particles or electromagnetic rays).

Governing formula N(t) = N₀ e^(-λ t), A(t) = λ N(t)
SI unit Bq (Bequerels = decays/s) or Ci (Curies)

In depth

Radioactive decay transforms a parent nuclide into a daughter nuclide to achieve greater nuclear binding stability. Principal decay modes include alpha emission, beta emission (electron or positron), electron capture, and gamma emission.

Examples in the real world

Radium-226 decaying spontaneously into Radon-222 by emitting an alpha particle.