Geostrophic Wind
A theoretical atmospheric wind resulting from a exact balance between the horizontal Pressure Gradient Force and the Coriolis acceleration force.
Governing formula
v_g = (1 / (2 ρ Ω sin φ)) (dP / dn) = (1 / f ρ) ∇P
SI unit
m/s (Wind Velocity)
In depth
Above the planetary boundary layer (where surface friction is negligible), air flows parallel to straight isobar contours rather than across them. In the Northern Hemisphere, geostrophic winds flow clockwise around high-pressure centers and counterclockwise around low-pressure systems.
Examples in the real world
High-altitude jet stream winds flowing parallel to isobar contours in the upper troposphere.