Fraunhofer Diffraction
Far-field wave diffraction where both incident and observed wavefronts are planar, achieved using lenses or large distances.
Governing formula
a sin θ = m λ
SI unit
m
In depth
Simplifies diffraction mathematics because wavefront curvature can be neglected. Produces sharp, well-defined Fourier transform patterns.
Examples in the real world
Laser beam passing through a narrow slit and forming diffraction fringes on a screen placed in the focal plane of a convex lens.